For the Internet

A router distributes the Internet to multiple user devices at a speed that is sufficient for typical tasks (Internet surfing, e-mail, social networking, watching videos).

Internet basics

There is an interesting book called "High Performance Browser Networking" by Ilya Grigoric, which describes the basics of networks and how to optimize data transfer. In this book the author writes the following about CDN:

Content Delivery Services (CDNs) bring many benefits, but they are based on the simple observation that by distributing content around the globe and getting it to the user from a point that is as close to the user as possible, download times can be greatly reduced.

We can't make packets travel faster over the wire, but by intelligently placing our servers closer to users, we can reduce the distances these packets need to travel. Thus, using CDNs to distribute content can greatly increase the loading speed of your service.

If you think about it, you can probably agree with the fact that CDNs improve UX because they speed up site loading. But wait a minute. How exactly does a CDN do that?

You might say: "Well, when a user requests files from a CDN, they are downloaded from the server closest to the user. Nice and easy." Yes, but that data is always downloaded from the same domain. How then can the request come to different servers?

In this short article series we will try to get to the bottom of this, and understand the magic behind a CDN. To do this we will need to understand how the Internet works, what the underlying protocols are, and how we got to where we are in the first place.

Wires

Let's start with the basics. Let's say we have two computers that want to "communicate" with each other:

Well, no problem. Just connect them with a wire and you're done:

When one computer sends a message to another computer, it sends data through the port to which their shared cable is connected. And since there are only two users, it is easy to tell when the communication channel is busy. Again, there's no problem with addressing and all that.

However, such a solution is quite difficult to scale. What to do if there are more computers? Let's say five instead of two. Yes, of course we can connect each to each in the same way, but.

As you can see, this kind of approach quickly becomes a problem. Not only do we need a lot more cable, but each computer has to have four ports. Furthermore, if we want to add another computer to the network, we need to somehow add a port to each of the already existing computers. The topology of this network is too complicated.

In telecommunication networks, topology is how the elements of those networks are interconnected. The network topology can be physical or logical (actually, not only, but it doesn't matter here). The physical topology describes the actual layout and connections between the computers, while the logical topology describes how the signal travels through all these connections.

In our case every device is connected to every device and therefore we are dealing with a a fully connected topology.. Both physically and logically.

3G/4G Internet amplification with antenna, modem and Wi-Fi router

The system consists of two nodes: an antenna outdoors and a modem + Wi-Fi router indoors.

Outdoor antenna for 3G/4G modem / router

4G modem connected by adapters to the outdoor antenna and plugged into the Wi-Fi router

How does it work? The antenna is directed towards the intended base station of the cellular operator. The signal then travels to the 4G modem with the router, which distributes the internet by spreading the Wi-Fi signal. The option is popular with private handymen to install dacha internet. It's cheap and it works!

Wi-Fi router with built-in 3G/4G modem

If you take the modem and router separately, the cable coming from the street antenna gets to the modem through adapters with a thin cable and very small microwave connectors TS-9 or CRC-9. First, it is quite tangible loss of signal level and quality, and secondly, mechanically unreliable. For example, wiping dust, you can easily damage the connector on the modem, and as a consequence, you will have to buy a new device.

The solution is simple – just buy a router with a built-in 4G modem. For example, several models of Huawei routers are sold in our market. No advertising: they work great and their connector is more reliable – SMA.

Huawei router with a built-in 4G modem

Why do private craftsmen offer a modem and a router separately? The answer is simple: the price margin is greater.

What is a MIMO antenna and what is it for

MIMO antenna for 3G/4G Internet

A MIMO antenna is a device that has two parallel coaxial cables going to the modem/router. In practice, this means that the increase in speed of the Internet on the reception will be from 0 to 20%, and on the return – 50-100%. It is necessary for those who use video communication or remote video surveillance, i.e. actively uses the outgoing channel of the Internet. In other cases there is no practical use.

Active cellular communications amplifier – repeater

The fundamental advantage of the repeater before the router: it enhances voice communications and the Internet – so to speak, a device 2 in 1.

1. Antenna on the roof, which is aimed in the direction of the base station of the cellular operator or operators.
2. Repeater (aka amplifier) inside the room, which amplifies the signal itself. This is the only element that needs a 220 V socket.
3. Internal (subscriber) antenna, which distributes the cellular signal to the phone and other subscriber devices.
4. All elements are connected by a coaxial (single core) cable with a wave impedance of 50 ohms.

Diagram of connection of GSM/3G/4G communication repeater

External antenna mounted on a mast

Cellular communications repeater

Internal subscriber antenna

How to choose a repeater

Generally, the topic is quite voluminous, so it can be covered in one article, but for the scale of a small country house or a construction shed I'll try to adapt on the fingers.

CG is usually chosen as 70-75 dB. The weaker the signal on the street, the higher the CG should be. If even on the street in front of the house signal is not enough for a normal conversation, then exactly CG = 75 dB. Plus you will need to put on a mast height of 4-6 meters external antenna. By the way, the price of the repeater is proportional to the CG.

The PD is chosen individually in each case. Use your Android phone to measure the signal. To do this, you need to download the program "Cell towers, locator" and run it on the street in front of the house. Make one measurement in each communication standard, i.e. GSM, 3G and 4G. How to do this is shown here:

How to make unlimited internet in the country

Let's take a closer look at how to set up internet from cellular carriers in your dacha.

1. Find out if your dacha is in the 3G/4G/LTE zone. Each operator's website has a map of working zones, and you can also find out in communication centers. If you managed to find an operator working in the 3G/LTE range, you can move on to the next point.
2. Purchase a USB modem or router. Each operator has a large selection of devices: USB-modems in the form of flash drive, allowing you to connect the Internet on a laptop and routers that distribute Internet via wi-fi to multiple devices.
3. It is important that the modem supports 3G/4G/LTE connection. Usually operators sell a specialized device that supports only their SIM cards, so it is extremely important to first find out and check which operator gives the most stable and fastest connection in your area.
4. Choose a tariff for home Internet in the country. The tariff determines the speed and amount of traffic you can download and transmit, as well as the monthly fee. Cellular operators allocate tariffs for home Internet in a separate line: their peculiarity is that they are not designed for talking, but provide a lot of traffic at low rates, including unlimited.

When choosing a modem is worth giving preference to the model that will allow you to use the Internet from any mobile operator. For example, the model HUAWEI E3372H is offered by all cellular operators, and differs only in the branding of the body, this or that provider.

Such a modem allows you to use the Internet at the highest possible speed, and you can buy it quite inexpensive – the average price is 2,600 rubles, but during the promotional period the devices are available for less than two thousand. Devices can have a sim lock for a particular provider, and some models can be used with any provider.

Buying a modem without tying it to a particular operator, you get a universal solution. At any time you can just move the sim, and use the services of an operator that provides better coverage or better rates.

Tariffs for the Internet in the country.

Let's review the tariffs that are suitable for dacha Internet.

MTS. To organize unlimited Internet for a laptop in the country, it is necessary to buy a modem MTS – today its cost from the operator is 2600-2900 rubles.

Depending on the characteristics, routers are sold at a price of 3300 rubles. There is a special rate for these devices:

• For laptop – the tariff plan, offers unlimited Internet at a speed of up to 20 Mbit/s for 850 rubles per month. This speed is enough for downloading heavy files, watching videos online, and streaming music. There are no packages with minutes with SMS, paid subscriptions and SMS, only the Internet. However, the usual services are available at basic billing.

It's worth noting that MTS coverage in Moscow Region is consistently good, and subscribers of this operator can count on 4G internet in almost all areas.

It is possible to remove the speed limit by connecting a special option for this tariff plan. Its cost is 100 rubles per month.

"Beeline. To connect the Internet in the country house you will need a USB modem (from 1990 rubles) or a router (average price – 2500 rubles). However, it is possible to buy a cheaper device if you choose a third-party solution, also working with the SIM card "Beeline".

There is a universal tariff "Internet PRO" for these devices. This is 100 GB of Internet for a monthly fee of 900 rubles, and at the same time the traffic is not limited at night. This amount may be quite enough to maintain communication with the "big land" during the dacha season.

Unlimited Internet can be activated on the tariff plan for an additional fee. The option is activated in the operator's application for 7 rubles per day.

Non-public tariffs "Megafon"

This category includes the corporate tariffs of "Megafon" in Moscow with favorable rates for calls and Internet. They are not on the official site of the operator, but we have them.

In our company both natural persons and legal entities of Moscow and the region can be connected to corporate packages. You get a large amount of cellular services at low prices, as well as 24/7 support from our consultants. They will help you connect or disconnect options and answer all your questions about the parameters of your tariff plan.

You can buy a prepaid or postpaid tariff from Megafon in Moscow on our website. If you can't choose, call by phone and our manager will help you to choose the tariff plan of "Megafon" according to your needs. Courier delivery of SIM-cards and documents. You can pay for your order on the site or in cash to the courier.

Outdoor antenna with a router indoors

This option perfectly amplifies the Internet 3G/4G, but does not amplify the regular voice communication. Voice communication will be possible through applications such as WhatsApp, Skype and others.

The connection scheme is simple: the antenna is outside (ideally on the roof), and the router itself is indoors, where it distributes the Internet signal through the Wi-Fi network.

Some important points when choosing an antenna

Consider the key points when choosing an antenna, as the final speed of the Internet depends on it. That is, if you choose and put the right antenna, the speed can be obtained 3-4 times faster. And this is not an exaggeration! So.

Antenna with a router or modem inside. There is a popular variant of antennas in which the modem or the router itself is hidden inside the device. And it is not a tight coaxial cable, but a soft twisted pair that goes into the room.

They can not take categorically, because the modem and router, designed for the premises, operate at temperatures ranging from 0 to +40 degrees on the passport! In winter the router can heat itself in an enclosed space, if you do not have to do a cold start at -20 degrees, at which it often breaks down. And in the summer in the sun inside the antenna housing the temperature can reach up to +80 degrees. Such solutions in most cases live no more than a year and a half. Be careful: sellers of such antennas constantly convince you that everything will work perfectly. At the same time they assemble such devices practically on the spot in the trade pavilion.

Do not chase antennas with high gain (CG). First, in practice they do not exist more than 17 dB, even if it is big and the paper to it (in the passport) says 27 dB! In practice, you get a maximum of 16-18 dB. This is practically the limit in the segment costing up to 10 thousand rubles. Secondly, the higher (CG), the worse the radiation pattern and the harder it is to accurately direct the antenna to the base station of the mobile operator.

Cellular repeater

Repeater, also known as an active cellular signal booster, with the right choice amplifies all standards of cellular communication: 2G, 3G, 4G and even 5G, when it appears.

Principle of operation: The outdoor antenna is installed on the roof or facade of the house and is directed to the base station of the cellular operator. The signal is transmitted by cable to the repeater, where it is repeatedly amplified, and then it is sent by cable to the indoor antenna (or antennas), which, in turn, distribute the signal indoors.

How to choose a repeater for villas

The repeater has two main parameters – the gain (CG) and frequency bands (1 or 2).

• If you have poor reception only indoors, and everything is fine outdoors, choose a repeater with a gain of 60 to 70 dB. If even outdoors you have problems with the connection, the CG should be 75-80 dB.
• Now the most painful and important question: how many bands and which ones? As mentioned above, cellular operators have five frequency bands (800, 900, 1800, 2100, 2600 MHz). The distribution of communication standards by frequency is shown in the table below:

In most cases, if different carriers are used in the dacha, it is more common to use a dual-band signal amplifier. For example, 900+1800 or 1800+2100, but there is a statistically rarer case – 800+900 MHz.

Frequencies are selected in each case individually. To do this is quite simple: just go outside in front of the house in the best GSM/3G/4G signal reception point and run the program for Andorid "Cellular towers, a locator.

After launching the programs, you need to follow the order of actions, as shown in the clip:

Criteria for choosing a kit for the Internet at the cottage

Keep in mind! When selecting such a set, it is worth paying attention to the package and parameters of the equipment for Internet access:

• Antenna.
  Depending on the model, it may be a room antenna with not the highest gain and an outdoor antenna with high signal gain.
  If the cottage is located at a considerable distance from the mobile operator's base station, the second option is recommended.
• Router.
  A set can be equipped with a 3G/4G modem with (or without) the possibility of distribution via Wi-Fi, a separate modem and router or a fixed router with a slot for a SIM card.
  Each option has its own characteristics, advantages, disadvantages and is chosen individually.
• Extras.
  When choosing a set for the Internet in the country you should also pay attention to the speed of the modem and router, the antenna gain, the availability of the adapter to connect it to the modem.
  When selecting equipment it is important to take into account external factors – the landscape, the distance from the base station (BS), the presence of industry in the area.
  One should also think carefully when choosing a provider.

Rating TOP-7 best options for connecting the Internet in a country house in 2023

Location	Model	Description and main advantages (based on reviews)	Average price (rubles)	Price
#1	Home 3G/4G Internet Kit	I can definitely recommend those who have the wilderness, improvement in dozens of times, guaranteed. Whether a cheaper version of such a result, I do not know, I personally did not take the risk and satisfied with more than. Catching at a distance from the router ~ 50m.	17 500 ₽	Find out the best price
#2	Launch" Equipment Kit	Equipment set for 3G/4G "Start" Internet access in the country or at the office. Works in hard-to-reach places for 3G/4G Internet signal.	9 000 ₽	Find the best price
#3	Internet Kit with LTE Antenna MiMO 24dBi + 4G Modem + WiFi Router for Home and Cottage	I installed it at my country house, even the connection is poor here. The internet is really good, even better than in Moscow. So I advise to buy it.	12 900 ₽	Find out the best price
#4	3G internet package for the country house	3G 4g Lte 15 kit is suitable for places with very poor or no reception. Antenna NITSA-5 with up to 15 dB gain and support frequencies from 700 to 2700mhz	5 900 ₽	Check out the best price
#5	Huawei B593-ANT32 Internet kit for country houses	An excellent kit with a router Huawei B593, which has gained popularity among many users, the main features of which are stable work with SIM cards of any operator	11 500 ₽	Find out the best price
#6	3G/4G LTE Internet amplification kit for country houses with Kroks 27 dBi antenna	With the KNA24 MIMO antenna kit you get high-speed connection to 802.11b/g/n Wi-Fi internet up to 150 Mbps.	12 500 ₽	Best price

Operator

This is probably the main criterion, because each operator has different conditions, tariffs and signal quality in your locality. In our online store you can buy SIM cards for the Internet of the following operators:

The popular telecom operator offers unlimited mobile Internet in all Russian regions without speed and traffic restrictions.

In addition, there are SIM cards for 4G-internet with limited traffic and speeds up to 300 Mbit / s, depending on the tariff. They are valid throughout the country, except for the Crimea and the Far East.

Beeline offers advantageous unlimited 4G-internet tariffs with no speed or traffic limits. There are offers for individuals and legal entities. Tariffs with 4G connectivity are available in all regions of Russia, except Crimea and the Far East.

The operator also offers cards for 2G/3G/4G communication, which is especially convenient for those who are not used to sitting still.

The popular operator offers unlimited and limitless tariffs, a large number of SIM cards for all devices.

Those who want to catch the Internet standard 4G should pay attention to the ready-made kits from the USB-modem and SIM-card. The operator offers affordable prices for next-generation Internet.

MTS provides its subscribers with unlimited rates with speed limitations, as well as the Internet with limited traffic. All cards presented in the online store are designed for modems.

There is also a tariff for 4G networks without traffic limits. It is available throughout Russia, with the exception of Crimea, some parts of Siberia and the Far East.

Like Beeline, Yota offers sim cards only with unlimited tariffs. There are SIM-cards for tablets, smartphones and generally for all kinds of devices.

The operator has staked on versatility, so you can buy SIM-cards for 2G/3G/4G or 3G/4G Internet, so that in every region of Russia a Yota sim-card will be relevant.

The operator Rostelecom has a variety of offers for subscribers. These are not only unlimited rates for the Internet, but also sim cards at affordable prices with limited traffic or speed.

Destination

Not all sim cards suitable for a smartphone can be used in a modem or router with a built-in modem. To avoid misunderstandings, pay attention to the SIM card's intended use.

If you want to buy a sim-card with unlimited Internet for a modem or other device, in the online store LTE-Connect you will find the most advanced solutions and favorable tariffs.

One of the important areas of our activity is 4G-Internet. That is why here all new proposals of communication operators and the latest equipment developments are available to customers.

Moreover, LTE-Connect is your reliable partner. It's easy to work with us for the following reasons:

Sim-cards and equipment have all the necessary accompanying documentation – from certificates to warranty documents. We cooperate only with proven manufacturers, the best in their field.

LTE-Connect online store has a solution for any region. One of our goals is to expand existing mobile network coverage, so you get the most suitable version of mobile Internet.

Together with a SIM card you can buy the necessary equipment. We arrange delivery of your orders all over Russia with the help of a transportation company.

SIM-cards for mobile Internet in our store are presented for private and corporate clients – choose the right tariff plan and traffic!

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