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What is a Router – Why do I need one? How do I use one and what is the difference between a router and a router?
In simple terms, a router is a device which distributes the Internet over a WiFi signal connected over a cable. However, that is not the only purpose of a router. It also works to create a local network to which several different gadgets will be connected at once – smartphones, computers, laptops, TV and so on. That is why even if you are a dummy and got a "D" in computer science at school, but are going to use the router on a regular basis, you need to have at least a little idea about its functions. Let's talk about them in this article.
So, the main task of a wireless router is to distribute the Internet via WiFi. Remember when workers from your ISP came to you, put a cable into your apartment, and connected a desktop computer to it. It would seem that everything is fine, the Internet is fast and stable.
But there is one big disadvantage – only one PC can connect to it. Neither laptop nor smartphone can access the Internet, which is already pre-paid for a month. As a last resort, of course there is an option to give it away via WiFi directly from the main computer. But in this case the wireless adapter will be under an unusual load. And the computer itself must be working all the time. This involves fan noise, heat and enormous amounts of electricity.
This is where the wifi router comes in. It is needed to convert the Internet signal from a cable into a wireless signal. To which all other devices can connect. The tariff is paid for once, and everyone uses it – very cool, isn't it?
However, wifi sharing involves several specific tasks, which the router performs on a regular basis. The main one is to give out IP addresses to all the devices connected to it. This is handled by a function such as a DHCP server. Read more about its work separately.
What is a Router?
2. Router (Router, Gateway, Gateway)
Router – is a network device which is installed when you log on to a computer network and into which you plug the cable from your Internet Service Provider to bring the computers on your network online. You do not need a router provided you have only one computer at home and the cable is plugged directly into it. And you don't need a wireless Wi-Fi network either. In this case, you don't need a router.
If you have two or more devices that require Internet access, and only one cable comes from your ISP (No, you can have two or more – just pay for them monthly.) – then the signal must be split. Just cut the wire – you can not, because the digital signal does not work that way, so – you need a device that will send the digital signal from different computers on the right route. I.e. Router – This is called a router. Also, it is called "GatewayGateway" or "Gate (Gate".) – which are also synonyms.
In professional computer networks, routers are rather large pieces of hardware with two ports (holes into which the computer cable from the local network is inserted, more details here) and are quite heavy. And they cost from 1500USD. In addition to simply routing traffic (digital signals) – they provide reliable protection against hacking, fault tolerance and many other functions.
But in home networks, and in small offices – it is not reasonable to put such devices, so they came up with a simpler household devices, the size of the palm or slightly larger. Since the load on the network is small and such network devices can easily cope with it.
With the development of technology, it became possible to add to such devices antennas – for creating wireless networks, and RJ-45 ports for connecting computer cables. Thus appeared routers, which we have at home. And thus, for a standard apartment is enough one such device – it allows you to share Internet traffic to multiple computers – with computer wires (up to 5 pcs), so various wireless devices – laptops, tablets, smart phones, electric kettles, refrigerators and even toilets and light switches to the heating – using wireless technology Wi-Fi.
What is a Switch?
3. Switch (switch, switchboard)
Switch– or network switch – a device that allows several network devices to be connected together in a computer network. Basically, these are computers – but nowadays, it can be any device with an RJ-45 network port. For example – televisions, media centers and other devices. The cost of such switches ranges from 10 to 100 USD for the number of RJ-45 ports 4-16. Also, the cost depends on the ability to manage the switch over the network (about this – below).
It is more correct and professional to say "switch", while the word "switch" is mostly used by system administrators and networkers – it is slang. A switch redirects traffic (data) between computers allowing for precise, direct routing of data. This is where switches differ from the more primitive HUBs (see below). If you have up to 4 computers and network devices in your home, a home class router – which performs several functions – is the right choice for you. If you have an office, or a large house – then it is better to use a switch or several. Because there may be more devices, or there may be distances of more than 100 meters (more than 100 meters, the computer signal does not pass). That is, the second function of the switch is to connect several pieces of cable of 100 meters, extending the signal. This may be necessary if your office has a long hallway, or if you are pulling cables along the fence of the site.
If you have a serious office and the number of RJ-45 ports exceeds 20 pieces, or a very large property, as well as if you want to professionally protect your network – it is better to use professional switches. They have much more impressive size and weight, and require a special server cabinet for installation. In addition to the fact that the professional switch (switch) – 24 / 48-ports RJ-45, allowing you to connect a decent number of devices.
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