What's the name of the adapter for the Internet

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To establish a new connection to the network – local or Internet – use special devices – network adapters. There are a great many of them on the market and they differ in the same variety of parameters. Today's Expertology editorial staff decided to dedicate the review to a narrow topic – adapters, which are in fact a kind of adapter from the usual wired Ethernet to USB.

How to Choose a Network Adapter

To begin with, let us briefly understand how to choose Ethernet-USB network adapter, because they, after all, there are also quite a few.

Type of Connector

The most obvious option, which is hard to get wrong, but let us clarify some details. At the input of such an adapter will always be a standard RJ-45 network connector, which is well recognized, and there are no other options in the framework of our topic. On the other side of the adapter there will already be options. The USB standard has several generations and forms of factors. And while USB 2.0 and 3.0 are compatible at least in form, USB 2.0 or 3.0 in USB-C simply will not fit. At the same time, your computer most likely has several or even many USB interfaces of different standards. So decide in advance which one it will be most convenient and expedient (port speed) to attach the adapter to.

Speed

Already less obvious, but no less important parameter. Before buying, you need to know exactly the speed of the adapter and be guided by this. The fact is that if you are the lucky owner of a gigabit internet connection, then buying an adapter that supports a maximum of 100Mbit, that is the speed you will get. And don't forget that the bandwidth of a USB 2.0 port is 480Mbps, so plugging even a Gigabit adapter to such a port, you will, again, get exactly that speed, and that at the maximum.

Form Factor and Physics

The main factors here are: the shape of the "flash drive" or the presence of a cable, the length of the cable, the stiffness of the cable, its quality, the presence of light indicators and their brightness, the design. All this may seem like little things, but the number of users who had to change the adapter because of such little things is very significant.

Adapter in the form of a "flash drive" (often referred to as a "whistle"), you are unlikely to find. This does not apply to other types of adapters – 3G, Wi-Fi and others. There just the shape of the flash drive is almost a rule, but we'll talk about them another time. So, just in case, an adapter of this shape is acceptable for desktop computers, and that if it is plugged into the socket on the back wall. In laptops this form is highly undesirable, as when you carry or any other interaction with the laptop "whistle" is easier to snag and banal to break, damaging the port itself.

Extend the network cable with an adapter (connector)?

This method is suitable in all cases. Both to connect the network cable through which the Internet comes into the house, and to extend the network cable for the computer, TV, router, modem, etc.

It's called a joiner. There is simply an input on both sides for a network cable (RJ-45 connector). It is a "mom and pop" type. To connect a cable with such a LAN connector, you must crimp the cable from both sides into the RJ-45 connector. How to do it with your own hands without a special tool I wrote in the article how to crimp a network cable without a tool. If you have a special tool (crimper), you can do everything with this instruction: how to crimp a twisted pair to RJ-45.

If you will use such a connector to extend the Internet cable, then the second piece of cable you can buy in the store. It will be ready-made (with connectors). If you don't have the cable you need, they can make it for you. Ask around at stores that sell computers and other computer equipment.

Simply plug two network cables into this adapter and you are ready to go.

Suppose on one side we have the internet cable from the ISP, and on the other side a second piece of cable that we made ourselves, or bought in the store.

There are slightly different LAN cable connectors – caplers.

They make it even easier and more convenient to extend the LAN cable. There is no need to crimp the cable into the connector and no special tools are needed. Only a screwdriver.

Connecting an Internet cable with a twist

Above I already wrote that this is not the best way to connect a network cable. The quality of the connection may suffer, or even not work at all. But if there are no other options, or you need to do everything urgently, you can try.

Simply strip the cable at both ends and twist it color coded. Use insulating tape, or heat shrink tubing for insulation. You need to twist each cable securely and insulate it.

I did everything the first time. The hardest part is stripping the strands and twisting them. They sometimes break. First you take off the outer insulation and then strip each wire.

I think this can be done more neatly than I did. After the mains cable is twisted, each wire needs to be insulated. I used heat shrink tubing. Insulating tape is fine, too. This is what I got:

Just be careful with it, the wires are very fragile without insulation. It's easy to break them and the cable won't work. You can coil the cable below to keep the connections from moving and breaking.

Write in the comments, what method for extending the network cable you use and how it works.

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Connector for RJ-45 Internet Cable

Connector for the Internet can have a simple form or be relatively complex. The total cost depends on the functionality and model.

• Micro USB RJ: purchased by owners of Android and Windows tablets with a small output, where the usual Ethernet wire will not fit.
• The RJ-45 splitter allows you to connect a pair of devices to 1 cable.
• The RJ-45 coupler is a twisted pair extender.
• The RJ-11 connector is a telephone connector.
• A patch cord extender.

Other kinds

• RJ-45 specifications and modifications. For example, USB-C to RJ-45, Thunderbolt, etc.
• Fiber optic wire adapters. They differ in body and end cap.
• Shielded and unshielded connectors (stp and ftp). They contain a metal shield in their structure to prevent negative electromagnetic effects from powerful cables or other equipment.
• Terminal adapter organizes access to the local line ISDN phone or computer. It is regarded as a modem.

How to crimp the Internet cable with your own hands

To crimp on your own, you need to determine the category of the twisted pair, study its structure, then prepare the tools:

1. Remove the insulation layer: pick up the knife and remove 2 or 3 cm of insulation, without damaging the wiring.
2. Prepare the twisted pair: braid and straighten the wires, arrange them in the correct order according to the standard – for straight cable (TIA/EIA-568B, TIA/EIA-568A) or cross, make elements of the same length and place them in the pre-purchased plug, bring to the end of the device.
3. Crimp: Insert the connector into the grooves of the crimper, press the handles. The cable is ready.

How to connect, configure and use?

Everything is as simple as possible. It is enough to plug the Ethernet adapter into a laptop USB port. In most cases, the system will automatically recognize the device and install the drivers. In Windows 10, there should definitely be no problems. Unless the adapter is some old one.

Even if Windows will not be able to install drivers automatically, they can be installed either from the disk (which is included, but not always) or from the manufacturer's website. In a pinch, you can find the driver by hardware ID. I wrote about this in an article about what driver is needed for the network card (Ethernet controller).

Once the driver is installed and the adapter is displayed in the Device Manager, you can connect a network cable from the router to the adapter, or directly from your ISP.

Further work and setup (if necessary) does not differ from a desktop computer, or a laptop with a built-in network card.

Using an adapter is not as convenient as simply plugging a network cable into the LAN-port on a laptop, but in this situation (when the laptop is without a jack for an Internet cable) to the Internet you can connect either via Wi-Fi or through an external network adapter.

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Problem and error solution

Modifications of RJ connectors

The type of adapter depends on the number of positions or slots (P) and the actual contacts (C). Some of them have already been discussed above:

• RJ 11 (4P4C) is an obsolete model. It could be found in telephone handsets.
• RJ 12 (6P4C and 6C). Necessary for telephones and a number of network devices.
• RJ 45 (8P6C and 8C) – standard adapters. Actively used for patch cords, computers, multimedia, etc.

Example: in the device RJ-45 6P6C, respectively, 6 positions – 6 contacts.

Shielded and unshielded

Some connectors have a thin metal shield built in which prevents negative electromagnetic interference from powerful cables or other equipment. Such connectors are called shielded and are marked differently – stp, ftp. They are used as intended in networks with similar protection; in other conditions only data transmission will be kept, interference-suppressing function will not work.

What is a pigtail and what is it for

Pigtails are soft adapters for the modem to the antenna. Outwardly they look like two high-frequency connectors, connected with a short (about 10-20 cm) and quite flexible cable. Such antenna adapter for 3G, 4G modems is used in areas of uncertain reception (in villages and cottages), when you want to increase the stability and level of the received device signal of the mobile network. Such problems can be solved by using homemade or portable indoor antennas, which can be plugged directly into the modem's antenna connector. Small antennas usually have a soft cable and do not require a pigtail to connect them.

The adapter becomes indispensable in cases where a small antenna does not solve the problem with the quality of the connection, so you have to use a street antenna, which are usually equipped with thick and hard coaxial cables. Directly connect a thick (7 to 10 mm) antenna cable to the modem input is not possible – they usually use connectors of a different format, in addition, a hard cable even with a suitable connector can damage the fragile socket of the modem. The task of the pigtail is to transmit the signal from the antenna to the modem with minimum effort, while ensuring the physical ability to connect the amplifier to the receiver. Therefore, it is categorically not recommended to use homemade variants instead of this adapter – their resistance and other characteristics can lead to a noticeable loss of signal level.

Advantages of an external antenna

At present, in addition to the use of an ordinary outdoor antenna connected to the modem with a pigtail, the following ways to enhance the Internet signal are used:

The use of a conventional antenna with a pigtail has such major advantages over these methods:

• Much lower price;
• No need for another SIM-card;
• ease of installation;
• the modem itself is located indoors and is not affected by weather factors.

The main disadvantage of this solution compared to other options of amplification – a little less signal gain and its attenuation in the antenna cable, which will appear the stronger the further the antenna is from the modem.

RJ 45 connectors

RJ 45 connectors – the most common type, most often used in the construction of local area networks. This name corresponds to the technical term 8P4C – a jack equipped with eight contacts (knives) and four locks. Although it is believed that under the name RJ45 connector hides 8P8C, which differs from the previous size and physical characteristics (8 blades and 8 clips). Depending on the design, this type of connector may or may not have a protective shield. Shielded Jack FTP RJ45 must be used only with shielded twisted pair. Otherwise, it not only loses all meaning, but also becomes unprofitable from an economic point of view. The main difference between an FTP connector and an unshielded connector (UTP) is the presence of a metal braid, which performs the function of diverting electromagnetic waves from the jack itself, and from the cable. In terms of design, all connectors are almost identical, as they consist of a plastic body, blades and their retainers.

The telephone connectors are represented by three types of modules – RJ11, RJ14, RJ25. There is complete confusion with understanding the marking of these connectors. That is why it is best to make your choice based on the number of blades that each jack contains. In general, the main types of connectors are characterized by the same form factor and purpose (switching telephone lines):

• RJ11 (6P2C) – connects a two-core cable;

• RJ14 (6P4C) – connects a four-core cable;

• RJ25 (6P6C) – connects a six-core cable.

Depending on situations, telephone jacks may use cables with fewer wires and form factor. These include RJ9 (4P4C), designed to connect telephone handsets to the machine itself.

BNC connectors

BNC connectors – a type of connector used in video surveillance systems to connect coaxial cable (electrical cable consisting of a coaxial central conductor and shield). It is considered the most reliable, even though it was created more than sixty years ago.

Special crimping of the BNC connector requires some expense, but such expenses pay off due to the high reliability and durability of this type of jack. Most of the failures in the CCTV camera process are caused by poor-quality cable connections. BNC connectors provide a competent connection of coaxial cable, which prevents losses possible during signal transmission.

Today a huge number of BNC connectors are available. Particularly popular are the plugs or as they are called "connection-dad". Equally popular are female connectors (male-to-female connections). Among the wide range of these products are angle adapters and BNC terminations. Connectors trimmed with precious metals (silver or gold) are also in demand, because such performance significantly reduces resistance and prevents oxidation.

If you have a choice where to buy connectors for a twisted pair, choose a reliable manufacturer. AnLan has been a market leader in the Russian Federation since 2007. A reasonable price and European quality – that is what distinguishes its products from other organizations.

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